V tem primeru bomo nastavili backup na 14 “kaset”, kar pomeni backup za 14 dni. Po 14 dneh se backup ponovno začne s 1. “kaseto” in se ta tudi prepiše. Backup se bo izvajal na poseben disk (/dev/hdc), ki je mapiran kot /backup: Inštaliramo pakete:
yum install amanda amanda-client amanda-server (+ vse dependency)
V /etc/xinetd.d/amanda vklopimo (disable = no) in dodamo vrstico:
– server_args = -auth=bsd amdump amindexd amidxtaped
Izvedemo restart xinetd:
$/etc/init.d/xinetd restart
V /etc/amanda/DailySet1/amanda.conf nastavimo naslednje nastavitve:
# These are the options that differ from examples/amanda.conf
dumpcycle 14 days
#runspercycle # defaults to 1 per day
tapecycle 14 tapes
runtapes 1
tpchanger “chg-multi”
changerfile “/etc/amanda/DailySet1/changer.conf”
# Comment out tapedev and changerdev
tapetype HARD-DISK
labelstr “^DailySet1[0-9][0-9]*$”
define tapetype HARD-DISK {
comment “Hard disk instead of tape”
length 4000 mbytes # Simulates end of tape on hard disk (a 4 GB disk here)
}
define dumptype hard-disk-dump {
global
comment “Back up to hard disk instead of tape – using dump”
holdingdisk no
index yes
priority high
auth “bsd”
}
define dumptype hard-disk-tar {
hard-disk-dump
comment “Back up to hard disk instead of tape – using tar”
program “GNUTAR”
auth “bsd”
}
Če ne želimo incrimental backupa lahko naredimo:
define dumptype hard-disk-tar {
hard-disk-dump
comment “Back up to hard disk instead of tape – using tar”
program “GNUTAR”
options compress-fast, index
priority high
dumpcycle 0
maxcycle 0
skip-incr yes # emphasize we only want full dumps
strategy noinc # also reduce time to do estimates
auth “bsd”
}
Ustvarimo datoteko /etc/amanda/DailySet1/changer.conf in v njej popravimo poti do “kaset” na (novem) backup disku:
multieject 0
gravity 0
needeject 0
ejectdelay 0
statefile /var/lib/amanda/DailySet1/changer-status
firstslot 1
lastslot 14
slot 1 file:/backup/tape01
slot 2 file:/backup/tape02
slot 3 file:/backup/tape03
slot 4 file:/backup/tape04
slot 5 file:/backup/tape05
slot 6 file:/backup/tape06
slot 7 file:/backup/tape07
slot 8 file:/backup/tape08
slot 9 file:/backup/tape09
slot 10 file:/backup/tape10
slot 11 file:/backup/tape11
slot 12 file:/backup/tape12
slot 13 file:/backup/tape13
slot 14 file:/backup/tape14
V /etc/amanda/DailySet1/disklist dodamo vse direktorije, ki jih želimo backupati. Oblika zapisa je sledeča:
localhost /etc hard-disk-dump
localhost /etc hard-disk-tar
hard-disk-dump in hard-disk-tar smo definirali zgoraj v amanda.conf in je vrsta zapisa backupa; v prvem primeru se izvede z obliko dump, v drugem pa s tar. Localhost mora biti FQDN (fully-qualify-domain aka long host name). To ime ugotovimo s sledečim ukazom:
$hostname –fqdn
primer odgovora:
tone.domena
Lahko je tudi drugače, najbolje da preverimo v /etc/hosts.
Torej zapisi izgledajo takole:
tone.domena /etc hard-disk-tar
tone.domena /var/lib/mysql hard-disk-tar
….
V /var/lib/amanda/.amandahosts vpišemo FQDN hostname:
tone.domena root amindexd amidxtaped
tone.domena amanda amdump
V amanda-client.conf popravimo vrstici oz. argument amandahost:
index_server “tone.domena”
tape_server “tone.domena”
Če delamo backup iz drugih mašin (unix/win) moramo narediti še sledeče:
– setsebool -P amanda_disable_trans 1 (izklopimo SeLinux zaščito)
– kreiramo datoteko /etc/amandapass
– vanj vpišemo pot do mape (share-a), ki jo želimo varnostno kopirat in pa uporabniško ime in geslo (če je potrebno tudi workgroupe). Primer:
//ime_mašine/ime_mape_za_kopirat uporabniško_ime%geslo WORKGROUPE
Zapis v /etc/amanda/DailySet1/disklist je sledeč (primer):
tone.domena.si //ime_mašine/ime_mape_za_kopirat hard-disk-tar
Nato kreiramo direktorije za “kasete”:
$mkdir /backup/tape01
$mkdir /backup/tape01/data
…
$mkdir /backup/tape14
$mkdir /backup/tape14/data
In dodelimo uporabnika amando in skupino disk (uporabnik in skupina sta avtomatsko kreirana pri inštalaciji paketov rpm) z chmod 770 na te direktorije.
$chown -R amanda.disk /backup
$chmod -R 770 /backup
Kreiramo prazno datoteko /etc/amanda/DailySet1/tapelist
Potem še označimo “kasete”. Prijaviti se moramo kot uporabnik amanda:
$su amanda
$amlabel DailySet1 DailySet101 slot 1
…
$amlabel DailySet1 DailySet114 slot 14
exit
Z ukazom:
$su amanda
$amcheck -c DailySet1
preverimo, če se server lahko poveže s klientom:
Amanda Backup Client Hosts Check
——————————–
Client check: 1 host checked in 0.115 seconds, 0 problems found
(brought to you by Amanda 2.4.5)
Če ne najde hosta je skorajgotovo problem v napačnem zapisu hosta mašine:
Amanda Backup Client Hosts Check
——————————–
ERROR: tone.domena: [addr xx.xx.xxx.xxx: hostname lookup failed]
Client check: 1 host checked in 0.018 seconds, 1 problem found
(brought to you by Amanda 2.4.5)
ali v napačnih pravicah datoteke .amandahosts (mora biti 600):
Amanda Backup Client Hosts Check
——————————–
NAK : access as amanda not allowed from amanda@domena.si /var/lib/amanda/.amandahosts: incorrect permissions; file must be accessible only by its owner
Sedaj se samo še zapiše backup naloga v crontab (primer) – uporabnik mora biti amanda:
0 16 * * 1-5 /usr/sbin/amcheck -m DailySet1
45 0 * * 2-6 /usr/sbin/amdump DailySet1
Še navodila kako pridobimo podatke nazaj (recover) z programom amrecover:
$amrecover DailySet1
$setdate (opcija)
$sethost tone.domena.si
$setdisk /home/www
$cd dir/do/datoteke (uporabiš lahko ls)
$add datoteka_za_obnovit
$list (da ugotoviš na kateri “kaseti” je datoteka)
$settape host:file:/home/backup/tapeXX (kot host vpiši tone.domena.si, če pa ne deluje pa localhost)
$extract
$quit